Sasanka De Silva Pannipitiya

Sri Lanka’s current Prime Minister, who holds a PhD in Anthropology, has sparked conversations on social media, where many are hailing her as the most academically qualified leader in the nation’s history. Indeed, the fact is irrefutable, but it raises a broader, more nuanced question: Is there a direct correlation between academic qualifications and political success?

The debate over what makes a politician successful is as old as politics itself, but education is often brought into the discussion. Does possessing a prestigious degree guarantee good governance? Does academic prowess naturally translate into political effectiveness?

Looking back at our history, the answer seems to be far from straightforward.

Sri Lanka gave the world its first female Prime Minister, Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike, who held only a Junior School Certificate (JSC). Her supporters, especially those aligned with leftist ideologies, argue that she was one of the most successful leaders the country has seen. Known for her policies of nationalization and her firm stance on non-alignment, Bandaranaike shaped Sri Lankan politics during tumultuous times with a vision that resonated deeply with many.

On the other hand, supporters of J. R. Jayewardene, who was educated at the University of Ceylon, championed his economic reforms and the introduction of the executive presidency. He led Sri Lanka through a period of significant economic and political transformation. Many of his advocates believe he ranks as the country’s most accomplished leader, with his educational background lending him a certain intellectual rigour that translated into his governance style.

Both Bandaranaike and Jayewardene achieved tremendous success in their own rights, despite their vastly different educational backgrounds. Their contrasting stories underline an important point: academic qualifications alone do not dictate political success. Politics, after all, is a different beast.

A PhD in Anthropology may provide insight into human behaviour and social systems, but does it prepare one to navigate the choppy waters of political power, diplomacy, and governance? Conversely, does the absence of an academic degree mean one lacks the vision or leadership required to inspire a nation?

The world stage offers numerous examples. Winston Churchill, who led Britain through World War II, was famously disinterested in his formal studies, yet his leadership remains legendary. Nelson Mandela, with his legal education, used his knowledge to dismantle apartheid, but it was his resilience, not just his education, that made him an icon. At the same time, countless highly educated leaders have failed miserably, unable to translate academic success into political acumen.

So, does a PhD make someone a better Prime Minister? The truth is, it’s too early to say. Our new leader has only been on the job for a few weeks, and it will take time for us to measure her success—not by her qualifications, but by her ability to connect with the people, make tough decisions, and lead the country forward.

Ultimately, politics is about people. Success in politics requires the ability to understand human needs, articulate a vision, and, most importantly, inspire trust. While education provides a toolkit, it is no substitute for the complex, deeply human qualities that define political leadership. Whether one’s path to power is paved with academic accolades or life experience, history suggests there is no one formula for success.

What matters most is how effectively a leader can navigate the intricacies of governance, steer the country through crises, and leave a legacy that resonates with the people—not the letters after their name.

Sasanka De Silva

Pannipitiya.